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氢催化的二硝酰胺铵热分解的从头算分子动力学研究

Hydrogen Promoted Decomposition of Ammonium Dinitramide: an ab initio Molecular Dynamics Study

  • 摘要: 本文采用从头算分子动力学方法研究了一种著名的高能氧化剂二硝酰胺铵(ADN)在高温下(2000和3000 K)的热分解行为.在ADN的单分子分解中,发现了与温度有关的两种不同的引发分解机理,即分子内氢转移和N-NO2键断裂.这两种机理在2000 K时存在竞争关系,但是在3000 K时后者是主要的分解机理.而在ADN的多分子分解中,观察到了四种受温度控制的引发分解反应.除了上述两种外,还有分子间氢转移和N-H键直接断裂.在2000 K时,N-NO2键断裂发生的概率与其它3种相当,但是在3000 K时N-H键断裂是主要的分解通道.在引发分解发生后,发现升温可以加快反应速率,但是不会改变重要的反应特征.在氢的催化下,ADN通过简单、快速和直接的化学断裂分解为小分子,这个过程中并没有形成任何可能阻碍分解的较大中间体.在2000和3000 K时的主要分解产物相同,分别是NH3、NO2、NO、N2O、N2、H2O和HNO2.

     

    Abstract: Thermal decomposition of a famous high oxidizer ammonium dinitramide (ADN) under high temperatures (2000 and 3000 K) was studied by using the ab initio molecular dynamics method.Two different temperature-dependent initial decomposition mechanisms were observed in the unimolecular decomposition of ADN, which were the intramolecular hydrogen transfer and N-NO2 cleavage in N (NO2)-.They were competitive at 2000 K, whereas the former one was predominant at 3000 K.As for the multimolecular decomposition of ADN, four different initial decomposition reactions that were also temperature-dependent were observed.Apart from the aforementioned mechanisms, another two new reactions were the intermolecular hydrogen transfer and direct N-H cleavage in NH4+.At the temperature of 2000 K, the N-NO2 cleavage competed with the rest three hydrogen-related decomposition reactions, while the direct N-H cleavage in NH4+ was predominant at 3000 K.After the initial decomposition, it was found that the temperature increase could facilitate the decomposition of ADN, and would not change the key decomposition events.ADN decomposed into small molecules by hydrogen-promoted simple, fast and direct chemical bonds cleavage without forming any large intermediates that may impede the decomposition.The main decomposition products at 2000 and 3000 K were the same, which were NH3, NO2, NO, N2O, N2, H2O, and HNO2.

     

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