铅纳米微粒用作油性润滑的摩擦学性能研究
Tribological Properties of Pb Nanoparticle in Oil
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摘要: 在石蜡油-聚乙二醇的混合溶剂中，通过液相分散法成功地制备出了铅纳米微粒. 其中，石蜡油是反应介质，聚乙二醇是抗氧化剂. 同时，对铅纳米微粒的形貌和结构进行了透射电镜（TEM）和X 光衍射（XRD）表征.结果表明，铅纳米微粒呈球形，平均粒径为70 nm，具有与本体铅相同的晶体结构. 另外，在四球试验机上表征了铅纳米微粒作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能. 摩擦试验表明，铅纳米微粒具有良好的减摩抗磨性能，并能够显著改善基础油的承载能力. 磨斑表面分析表明，铅纳米微粒的抗磨减摩机制不是形成金属沉积膜，可能是在摩擦接触面形成滑动-轴承系.Abstract: The solution dispersion method has been successfully used to prepare Pb nanoparticles in a paraffin oilpolyglycol mixed solution by directly dispersing melted Pb granules. In this solution system，paraffin oil was used as reacting media and polyglycol served as an antioxidant to protect Pb nanoparticles from oxidizing. The size and structure of the prepared Pb nanoparticles were characterized by means of the transmission electron microscopy （TEM）and powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Their tribological behavior was evaluated with a four-ball tester. The TEM and XRD investigations reveal that the prepared Pb nanoparticles，with the average particle diameter of 70 nm，appear to be of close spherical shape and possess the same crystal structure as the bulk Pb. The tribological results show that the Pb nanoparticles as an oil additive exhibit good friction-reduction and antiwear properties at different additive concentration and applied load. Meanwhile，they can also strikingly improve the load-carrying capacity of the base oil. The rubbed surface was also investigated by the scanning electron microscope（SEM）and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）. However，there was not presence of Pb element on the worn surfaces，which indicated that no chemical reaction occurred between the Pb nanoparticles and the rubbing surfaces. In addition，the tribological mechanism of the formation of the sliding-bearing system was also proposed.
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