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镁离子与乙酸根在水溶液中的相互作用研究:走向高精度机器学习势能模拟

Interaction of Magnesium Ion and Acetate Anion in Bulk Water: Toward High-Level Machine Learning Potential

  • 摘要: 金属离子在许多生物功能中扮演至关重要的角色,例如维持体内平衡、调控肌肉收缩和促进酶催化作用. 尽管如此,使用高阶波函数理论精确模拟金属离子与氨基酸侧链类似物之间的相互作用由于涉及高昂的计算成本而面临挑战. 本研究采用了深度势能分子动力学模拟技术,探究了水溶液中Mg2+和Ac离子对的溶剂化结构. 为了克服传统量子力学方法高成本的计算瓶颈,引入了深度Kohn-Sham(DeePKS)方法,该方法能够在大幅降低计算成本的同时,生成高精度的自洽能量函数. 能量及原子力的均方根误差和平均绝对误差结果显示,DeePKS的预测与传统量子力学的强约束并适当规范化计算非常吻合. 此外,使用DeePKS预测的强约束并适当规范化级数据集生成的神经网络势在准确性上超越了之前采用BLYP泛函的研究. 进一步分析了Mg2+和Ac体系的平均力势,发现Mg2+倾向于单齿配位,而双齿与单齿结构之间存在约5.8 kcal/mol的能量障碍. 总之,本研究提供了一种全面、精确并且可靠的方法,用于探索水溶液中金属离子的性质.

     

    Abstract: Metal ions play crucial roles in various biological functions, including maintaining homeostasis, regulating muscle contraction, and facilitating enzyme catalysis. However, accurately simulating the interaction between metal ions and amino acid side chain analogs using high-level wave function theories remains challenging due to the significant computational costs involved. In this study, deep potential molecular dynamics (DeePMD) simulation was employed to investigate the solvation structure of the Mg2+-Ac ion pair in aqueous solution. To address the computational bottleneck associated with expensive quantum mechanics (QM) methods, the Deep Kohn-Sham (DeePKS) approach was utilized, which allows us to generate highly accurate self-consistent energy functionals while significantly reducing computational costs. The root mean square error and mean absolute error of energies and atomic forces indicate close agreement between DeePKS predictions and QM strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) calculations. Moreover, the neural network potential (NNP) generated using the SCAN-level dataset predicted by DeePKS exhibits higher accuracy compared to previous work, which employed a moderate BLYP functional. The potential of mean force for the Mg2+-Ac system was further examined, revealing a preference for monodentate coordination of Mg2+ with a ~5.8 kcal/mol energy barrier between bidentate and monodentate geometries. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive, precise, and reliable methodology for investigating metal ions’ properties in aqueous solutions.

     

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