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铵根离子在水和甲醇溶液中的转动机制

Rotational Mechanism of Ammonium Ion in Water and Methanol

  • 摘要: 铵根离子和氨的动力学性质与其生物代谢密切相关,并在多种生物过程中发挥重要作用.依据斯托克-爱因斯坦-德拜规则,NH4+在粘度较大的水中应该比在粘度较小的甲醇中转动更快,但核磁实验给出了相反的结果.通过数值模拟和循环马尔可夫链方法来探讨NH4+在水溶液和甲醇溶液中的转动动力学性质.在甲醇溶液中,NH4+的转动和平动存在明显的去耦合,从而导致了其转动行为与斯托克-爱因斯坦-德拜规则偏离.相对于水中,NH4+的氢键交换速率在甲醇溶液中明显变慢,甲基的空间位阻作用显著减缓了NH4+的跳跃转动.本研究为理解NH4+在各向异性环境中的动力学行为提供了重要启示.

     

    Abstract: Dynamics of ammonium and ammonia in solutions is closely related to the metabolism of ammoniac compounds, therefore plays an important role in various biological processes. NMR measurements indicated that the reorientation dynamics of NH4+ is faster in its aqueous solution than in methanol, which deviates from the Stokes-Einstein-Debye rule since water has higher viscosity than methanol. To address this intriguing issue, we herein study the reorientation dynamics of ammonium ion in both solutions using numerical simulation and an extended cyclic Markov chain model. An evident decoupling between translation and rotation of methanol is observed in simulation, which results in the deviation of reorientation from the Stokes-Einstein-Debye rule. Slower hydrogen bond (HB) switchings of ammonium with methanol comparing to that with water, due to the steric effect of the methyl group, remarkably retards the jump rotation of ammonium. The observations herein provide useful insights into the dynamic behavior of ammonium in the heterogeneous environments including the protein surface or protein channels.

     

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