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铁和镧共掺杂纳米二氧化钛光催化剂的制备、表征及其光催化活性

Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Fe, La Co-doped Nanometer Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts

  • 摘要: 以葡聚糖为模板,钛酸四正丁酯、硝酸铁和硝酸镧为前驱体采用模板法制备了一系列铁、镧单掺杂及共掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂. 利用SEM、XRD、BET比表面积测定和UV-Vis等技术对其形貌、晶体结构及表面结构、光吸收特性等进行了表征. 以甲基橙溶液的光催化降解为模型反应,考察了不同掺杂的样品在紫外和可见光下的光催化性能. TiO2材料具有较大的比表面积(约150 m2/g),铁和镧共掺杂纳米TiO2在可见光区域有较强的吸收,在紫外和可见光条件下较纯TiO2和单掺杂TiO2对甲基橙溶液具有更好的光催化降解效果,且铁和镧的掺杂量显著影响该材料的催化性能. 当铁掺杂量为0.5mol%、镧掺杂量为0.3mol%,在500 ℃焙烧2 h所得光催化材料的催化性能最佳,焙烧4 h即可使甲基橙的降解率达98.8%,且该复合材料有较高的循环回收利用率,重复使用4次仍可使甲基橙的降解率保持在88%以上.

     

    Abstract: A series of photocatalysts of un-doped, single-doped and co-doped nanometer titanium diox-ide (TiO2) have been successfully prepared by template method using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, La(NO3)3·6H2O, and tetrabutyl titanate as precursors and glucan as template. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption measurement were em-ployed to characterize the morphology, crystal structure and surface structure of the samples. The photo-absorbance of the obtained catalysts was measured by UV-Vis absorption spec-troscopy, and the photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples under UV and visible light were estimated by measuring the degradation rate of methyl orange in an aqueous solu-tion. The characterizations indicated that the prepared photocatalysts consisted of anatase phase and possessed high surface area of ca. 163-176 m2/g. It was shown that the Fe and La co-doped nano-TiO2 could be activated by visible light and could thus be used as an effective catalyst in photo-oxidation reactions. The synergistic effect of Fe and La co-doping played an important role in improving the photocatalytic activity. In addition, the possibil-ity of cyclic usage of co-doped nano-TiO2 was also confirmed, the photocatalytic activity of codoped nano-TiO2 remained above 89.6% of the fresh sample after being used four times.

     

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