Abstract: We present theoretical investigations on structure-property correlations in fluorenone (FLO) and benzothiadiazole (BT) substituted oligofluorenes (OFLs) derived mainly from the chain morphology, thermal vibration and conjugated extent. Both the vertical absorptions and the vibrationally-resolved absorption and fluorescence spectra have been calculated by the com-bination of ab initio and time-dependent density functional theory. By properly taking into account of the anharmonic torsion potentials in the OFLs, we have reasonably reproduced the experimentally observed spectroscopic features. Both FLO and BT on-chain chemical defects acting as charge-trapping sites for singlet excitations, are responsible for long wave absorption and emission species, and thus alter the blue light-emitting properties of OFLs. As temperature decreases, the electronic spectral lineshapes of FLO-substituted oligomers become more structured. The lineshapes of BT-substituted oligomers are always smooth and featureless because of less low collective modes resonance. A more gentle excited poten-tial energy surface of BT-mixed molecules can enhance electronic delocalization and achievebigger red shifts.